Diabetic Retinopathy is a serious eye condition caused by prolonged high blood sugar levels, damaging the blood vessels in the retina. It is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. The disease progresses through stages, from mild retinal swelling to advanced forms with abnormal blood vessel growth, leading to bleeding and scarring. Symptoms include blurred vision, dark spots, and difficulty seeing at night. Treatments include laser therapy, anti-VEGF injections, and vitrectomy surgery for severe cases. Managing blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol can significantly reduce the risk of progression. Regular eye exams are essential for early detection and timely treatment, preventing permanent blindness.