Glaucoma is a serious eye disease that damages the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). It is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. The disease progresses slowly and may not show symptoms until significant vision loss occurs. Early diagnosis through regular eye exams is critical. Treatment focuses on lowering eye pressure to slow down damage and preserve vision. Options include prescription eye drops, laser therapy, or surgical procedures like trabeculectomy to improve fluid drainage. Patients with a family history of glaucoma should have regular screenings to detect the disease early. Lifestyle modifications like avoiding caffeine, managing stress, and maintaining a healthy diet can help maintain eye health.